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What causes dental cavities? Specific bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans cause cavities. These bacteria are aerobic meaning they require oxygen to survive; having a dry mouth increases the chance for cavities. Cavity causing bacteria are different than the bacteria that causes gum disease, which live in an anaerobic environment. Both of these bacteria can be passed from person to person. Plaque, is also known as Biofilm. A microbial biofilm is a layer of prokaryotic organisms which adhere to a surface and are coated with a polysaccharide layer. The biofilm increases the cells survival through increased defense, availability of nutrients, cellular communication, and the ability to transfer genetic material to each other. A polysaccharide is composed of more than one sugar molecule. · Carbohydrates · Glycogen · Starch · Cellulose How the cavity is formedUnderneath the plaque, the bacteria produce acids as a by-product of their metabolism. The acids produced by the bacteria break down tooth structures, this is also known as demineralization. Once the demineralized area of the tooth reaches the dentin layer, it is then defined as a cavity. Usually the enamel surface breaks down at this time. Metabolism is defined as the sum of all of the chemical reactions in a body, which breaks down larger molecules into smaller ones and releases energy, and which builds up large chemicals and requires energy. For bacteria, their main energy source is carbohydrates or sugar. How to Prevent CavitiesPlaque needs to be removed daily to prevent it from forming cavities and turning into tartar, tooth brushing is a physical way you can remove dental plaque.
Most kinds of toothpastes have mild abrasive ingredients in them which helps with your toothbrush with the plaque and stain removal. You can reduce demineralization your teeth by using fluoride. Since your toothbrush does not reach between your teeth, it is important to use floss, this allows you to clean between your gums and tooth structures. Visiting your dentist for routine cleanings is also important. Getting the cavity removed (advanced bacterial colony) and having a filling placed will help prevent the bacteria from spreading from one tooth to a neighboring tooth. Have sealants placed, this is a preventative protective coating on the chewing surfaces that will protect the tooth from acid erosion. “Are patients doing enough to combat plaque biofilm?.” RDH Magazine, March 2019, Page 12. (2014) DAT prep by Kaplan Review Notes. New York, NY: Kaplan Publishing. For further reading see the source below from the American Dental Association (ADA) Tackling Tooth Decay Comments are closed.
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Helen BARRETTMy education consists of a Bachelor of Liberal Arts Degree in Business Administration & Art. Since then I have taken classes in chemistry, organic chemistry, biology, physics, and microbiology to pursue a career as a dentist; I studied to apply for dental school but was unable to pursue it due to medical reasons. |